Protect newborns from the serious risks of rubella with an MMR vaccine
In this article:
- MMR vaccination rates have declined, and measles cases are being reported across the United States, raising concerns about the potential spread of rubella.
- People who have missed MMR vaccinations in the past can easily get caught up now.
By the early 2000's health officials in United States declared measles and rubella, which is sometimes called German measles, eliminated. It was a significant public health victory. But the country is currently seeing a concerning resurgence of measles, with the disease linked to the deaths of two children in Texas. As of April 3, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had reported some 607 measles cases across 21 states. In Washington State, officials have reported three measles cases, all of which were diagnosed in young children who had recently traveled abroad.
While these numbers may not seem alarming at the moment, there is reason to be concerned about the spread of measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) and vaccination rates in the Seattle area. Only an estimated 87% of King County two-year-olds are considered up to date on the MMR vaccine (having received one dose of the MMR vaccine), with 72% of four- to six-year-olds having received the full two doses of the MMR vaccine.
“Vaccination rates drifted down during the COVID-19 shutdown and have not recovered,” says Frank Bell, M.D., a specialist in pediatric infectious diseases at Swedish First Hill. “We have work to do to get these vaccination numbers up to prevent the continuing transmission of measles, as well as a potential return of rubella, congenital rubella syndrome and mumps.”
Dr. Bell stresses the need for people to act now.
“The best time to check your vaccination status is before an outbreak in your community. If you're behind, get vaccinated — don't wait.”
With rubella, harm begins before birth
Like measles, rubella (which is sometimes called German measles) is a highly contagious infectious virus. It spreads through droplets that enter the air when an infected person sneezes or coughs. Adults with rubella usually experience mild symptoms like a sore throat, low-grade fever and a rash that begins on the face and then spreads to other areas — or they may not experience symptoms at all. While infected, they can be contagious for as long as two weeks.
Of particular concern is congenital rubella. Unvaccinated mothers who become infected with rubella during pregnancy pass the virus via the placenta to their babies in utero. The virus affects the way a fetus grows and it can cause serious birth defects and miscarriage.
For many young parents, diseases like rubella and measles seem like problems of their grandparents’ generation. But the only reason these diseases have become rare in recent decades is widespread vaccination. If vaccination programs are not followed, the viruses can return.
The risks these viruses pose to babies make it particularly important that as unvaccinated populations come of age, they understand that they are never too old to get a vaccination.
Get the MMR vaccine before pregnancy
“If you are of childbearing age and realize you never had the MMR vaccine, get it now. There are no extra risks or increased side effects with age,” says Dr. Bell. “And if you are thinking about having children, getting vaccinated before pregnancy is critical to your baby's health.”
Dr. Bell stresses the importance of making sure you are vaccinated before getting pregnant. However, unvaccinated pregnant women should not get the MMR vaccine because it is a weakened live virus vaccine.
Catching up on vaccinations is simple
When encouraging people to get vaccinated, it is important to remember that there are various reasons people may not be fully vaccinated. Some families face barriers when trying to access health care, while others choose not to vaccinate due to personal beliefs. Disruptions to patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic caused many families to fall behind on routine appointments and childhood vaccinations. Understanding these factors is key to encouraging more people to become vaccinated.
“We are seeing an increasing number of school-aged children who are behind on their immunizations,” says Dr. Bell. “Some parents are unsure about vaccines, and others don’t realize their child has missed a dose. The important thing to know is that you can always catch up.”
For those who may be behind, the solution is simple: get another dose of the MMR vaccine. The first dose is the most critical, and there are no strict timing requirements — children over the age of 12 months and adults can safely receive the vaccine at any point if they are not already protected.
“We respect parents' choices, but it’s important to remember that rubella and measles are serious illnesses,” says Dr. Bell. “A child’s vaccination status impacts every person that child comes in contact with, including infants who are too young or who may not be able to be vaccinated.”
Now is the time to make sure you and your children are fully vaccinated. The CDC recommends two doses of the MMR vaccine — the first given at 12-15 months of age and the second at four to six years.
“There are no restrictions on getting the MMR vaccine with other immunizations,” Dr. Bell says. “If you’re due for a flu shot or any other routine vaccine, you can get the MMR vaccine at the same visit.”
Learn more and find a physician or advanced practice clinician (APC)
If you have questions about vaccinations or your child’s wellness health, Swedish Pediatrics can help. If your kids aren’t up to date on immunizations, particularly the measles vaccine, call their pediatrician today to schedule a visit.
You can contact Swedish Primary Care to schedule an appointment with a primary care provider. If you or a child has symptoms, you can connect virtually with your provider to review the symptoms, provide instruction and follow up as needed. With Swedish ExpressCare Virtual you can receive treatment in minutes for common conditions such as colds, flu, urinary tract infections, and more. If you don’t have a doctor, use our provider directory to find a specialist or primary care physician near you.
Information for patients and visitors
Additional resources
Washington State has reported its first case of measles in 2025. Here's what to know.
Protect your family from RSV, because it isn't just a cold
Whooping cough is making a comeback. Here’s what you should know.
Keep kids healthy, safe with recommended vaccines
Growing Up Safely: Immunizations + Health | Talk with a Doc Podcast
This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions.
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